Table 3 Descriptive statistics on the characteristics of self-employed and paid employees a
From: Why is there a gender earnings gap in self-employment? A decomposition analysis with German data
Self-employed | Paid employees | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
male | female | male | female | |
No vocational degree (dummy) | 0.02 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.06 |
No vocational degree & FHR/Abitur (dummy) | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.02 |
Vocational training (dummy) | 0.26 | 0.30 | 0.48 | 0.51 |
Vocational training & FHR/Abitur (dummy) | 0.11 | 0.14 | 0.08 | 0.12 |
Vocational college (“Fachschule”) (dummy) | 0.14 | 0.03 | 0.09 | 0.04 |
University or university of applied science degree (dummy) | 0.44 | 0.43 | 0.28 | 0.25 |
Working experience (in years) | 22.9 (11.9) | 21.2 (11.0) | 20.1 (10.8) | 20.2 (11.1) |
Working intermissions (in years) | 0.93 (1.94) | 2.83 (4.31) | 0.96 (1.88) | 2.59 (4.02) |
Tenure at current job (in years) | 10.2 (9.1) | 7.9 (8.1) | 8.6 (8.0) | 7.9 (7.5) |
Number of changes of profession | 2.08 (1.98) | 2.09 (1.63) | 1.91 (1.77) | 1.64 (1.56) |
Working hours per week | 49.4 (15.9) | 37.1 (17.1) | 43.2 (9.2) | 33.6 (11.8) |
Working time flexibility: never (dummy) | 0.09 | 0.05 | 0.07 | 0.06 |
Working time flexibility: sometimes (dummy) | 0.41 | 0.30 | 0.34 | 0.29 |
Working time flexibility: often (dummy) | 0.50 | 0.65 | 0.59 | 0.66 |
Life partner (dummy) | 0.71 | 0.63 | 0.66 | 0.61 |
Young children (dummy) | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.16 | 0.12 |
High career aspirations (dummy) | 0.54 | 0.58 | 0.58 | 0.47 |
Number of tasks occurring at work | 9.80 (3.11) | 9.17 (3.22) | 8.79 (3.03) | 8.12 (3.50) |
Firm size: 1 employee (dummy) | 0.44 | 0.57 | 0.003 | 0.004 |
Firm size: 2 employees (dummy) | 0.12 | 0.11 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
Firm size: 3–4 employees (dummy) | 0.16 | 0.10 | 0.02 | 0.05 |
Firm size: 5–9 employees (dummy) | 0.14 | 0.09 | 0.06 | 0.12 |
Firm size: 10–19 employees (dummy) | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.09 | 0.13 |
Firm size: 20–49 employees (dummy) | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.16 | 0.18 |
Firm size: 50–99 employees (dummy) | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.13 | 0.13 |
Firm size: 100 employees and more (dummy) | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.53 | 0.38 |