Can public works programs mitigate the impact of crises in Europe? The case of Latvia

IZA Journal of European Labor Studies

Table 4 Difference in ex-ante variables, before matching

	Mean			Treatment = Control
Variable	Treatment	Control	% bias	t	p > t
Age 18-24	0.094	0.149	−17.0	−3.27	0.00
Age 25-29	0.066	0.084	−6.9	−1.34	0.18
Age 30-39	0.178	0.139	10.7	2.07	0.04
Male	0.383	0.468	−17.3	−3.34	0.00
Household head	0.680	0.678	0.5	0.10	0.92
Spouse of household head	0.204	0.153	13.3	2.56	0.01
Single	0.193	0.252	−14.2	−2.74	0.01
Married	0.331	0.313	3.8	0.74	0.46
Share of members in age 0-5	5.040	6.531	−11.7	−2.25	0.02
Share of members in age 6-17	10.799	10.802	0.0	0.00	1.00
Share of members in age 1864	78.453	77.219	5.0	0.96	0.34
Household size	2.884	2.881	0.2	0.04	0.97
Unemployed 12 months ago	0.439	0.466	−5.3	−1.02	0.31
Secondary education	0.307	0.278	6.3	1.22	0.22
Secondary profession	0.390	0.389	0.1	0.02	0.98
Higher education	0.051	0.075	−10.0	−1.92	0.06
Own a flat	0.343	0.364	−4.4	−0.85	0.40
Own a house	0.152	0.096	16.8	3.24	0.00
House is owned by state	0.240	0.222	4.3	0.82	0.41
House is owned by private entity	0.132	0.185	−14.4	−2.77	0.01
Have other Dwelling in other parts of Latvia	0.084	0.075	3.3	0.63	0.53
House have 1 room	0.229	0.232	−0.8	−0.16	0.87
2 room	0.416	0.416	0.1	0.02	0.99
3 room	0.227	0.251	−5.5	−1.06	0.29
Detached/semi-detached House	0.417	0.437	−3.9	−0.75	0.45
Flat in apartment	0.025	0.025	−0.2	−0.03	0.97
Wooden wall	0.198	0.198	0.1	0.02	0.98
concrete wall	0.227	0.252	−5.8	−1.11	0.27
region==Latgale	0.112	0.149	−11.2	−2.14	0.03
region==Riga	0.186	0.256	−16.9	−3.25	0.00
region==Vidzemes	0.242	0.181	15.1	2.92	0.00
region==Zemgales	0.167	0.165	0.5	0.09	0.93

Note: Standardized bias (SB) for each variable is defined as the difference of sample means in the treated and control subsamples as a percentage of the square root of the average of sample variances in both groups.