Intergenerational transmission of human capital in Europe: evidence from SHARE

IZA Journal of European Labor Studies

Table 11 Robustness checks, 2SLS estimates

Dep. Var.: Child’s Education	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)
Sample	Overall	Overall	Sons	Daughters
Panel A: Post-WWII sample of parents (1935-1956)
Parental education	0.470*	0.496*	0.558*	0.513
	(0.259)	(0.266)	(0.293)	(0.599)
Parental educ*female (parent)		0.049***	0.056***	0.046***
		(0.010)	(0.014)	(0.017)
Observations	5,247	5,247	2,639	2,608
Panel B: w/o cohort F.E. for children
Parental education	0.498**	0.518*	0.603**	0.405
	(0.254)	(0.266)	(0.279)	(0.642)
Parental educ*female (parent)		0.042**	0.057***	0.026
		(0.020)	(0.022)	(0.047)
Observations	6,184	6,184	3,117	3,067
Panel C: Parent’s years of schooling<11
Parental education	0.980**	0.982**	0.614	1.479
	(0.492)	(0.495)	(0.603)	(1.112)
Parental educ*female (parent)		0.048***	0.057***	0.048*
		(0.015)	(0.020)	(0.026)
Observations	2,829	2,829	1,407	1,422
Panel D: Narrow windows around the pivotal cohorts (+/- 6 years)
Parental education	0.813***	0.658***	0.896***	0.651*
	(0.147)	(0.188)	(0.138)	(0.391)
Parental educ*female (parent)		0.049***	0.054***	0.052***
		(0.010)	(0.012)	(0.015)
Observations	2,804	2,804	1,382	1,422
Panel E: Binary instrument
Parental education	0.334**	0.360**	0.418**	0.302
	(0.153)	(0.146)	(0.190)	(0.242)
Parental educ*female (parent)		0.039***	0.043***	0.036***
		(0.008)	(0.012)	(0.011)
Observations	6,184	6,184	3,117	3,067

Notes: All specifications include controls for country dummies, birth cohort dummies for parents and children (in 1-year intervals) and socio-demographic characteristics. In Panel D, for the countries with more than one reform, I consider only the most recent reform. Standard errors clustered at the parents’ country and cohort level are reported in parentheses.
* Significant at 10%; ** significant at 5%; *** significant at 1%.