Table 5 OLS Regression with Public (L), Education (M), Health (N) and Other (all other NACE categories) industries shown in the bolded rows
From: Exploring the public-private sector wage gap in European countries
| Â | AT | BE | BG | CY | CZ | DE | DK | EE | ES | FI | GR | HU | IE | IS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
public | 0.019 | 0.006 | 0.116*** | 0.017 | 0.102*** | -0.011 | 0.059*** | 0.038* | 0.054*** | 0.006 | 0.104*** | 0.141*** | 0.042** | 0.103*** |
education | 0.004 | -0.049*** | -0.114*** | 0.243*** | -0.061*** | -0.008 | -0.031** | -0.079*** | 0.096*** | 0.014 | 0.056* | -0.048*** | 0.094*** | -0.114*** |
health | -0.048*** | -0.025* | -0.138*** | 0.002 | -0.031*** | -0.048*** | -0.051*** | 0.002 | -0.016 | -0.007 | -0.036* | -0.085*** | -0.050** | -0.037 |
other | 0.024* | 0.068*** | 0.135*** | -0.262*** | -0.010 | 0.068*** | 0.023** | 0.039*** | -0.133*** | -0.012 | -0.124*** | -0.008 | -0.085*** | 0.048** |
age25_29 | -0.196*** | -0.222*** | -0.025 | -0.237*** | -0.051*** | -0.222*** | -0.201*** | 0.076*** | -0.175*** | -0.119*** | -0.338*** | -0.130*** | -0.282*** | -0.201*** |
age30_34 | -0.063*** | -0.111*** | -0.025 | -0.099*** | 0.020** | -0.080*** | -0.038*** | 0.094*** | -0.111*** | -0.061*** | -0.167*** | -0.017 | -0.149*** | -0.113*** |
age35_39 | -0.014 | -0.009 | 0.019 | -0.063*** | 0.033*** | 0.017 | 0.020* | 0.049*** | -0.011 | -0.027* | -0.052*** | 0.031** | 0.025 | 0.013 |
age40_44 | -0.006 | 0.052*** | 0.014 | 0.033* | 0.002 | 0.034*** | 0.059*** | 0.033** | 0.025** | 0.023 | 0.056*** | 0.024* | 0.062*** | 0.071*** |
age45_49 | 0.057*** | 0.087*** | 0.037* | 0.068*** | 0.024*** | 0.083*** | 0.068*** | -0.016 | 0.064*** | 0.046*** | 0.138*** | 0.004 | 0.146*** | 0.097*** |
age50_54 | 0.078*** | 0.099*** | -0.004 | 0.145*** | 0.002 | 0.102*** | 0.043*** | -0.053*** | 0.095*** | 0.062*** | 0.193*** | 0.060*** | 0.088*** | 0.059** |
age55_60 | 0.144*** | 0.104*** | -0.015 | 0.152*** | -0.030*** | 0.065*** | 0.050*** | -0.183*** | 0.114*** | 0.076*** | 0.171*** | 0.028* | 0.110*** | 0.075*** |
edL | -0.207*** | -0.109*** | -0.170*** | -0.088*** | -0.215*** | -0.092*** | -0.077*** | -0.151*** | -0.139*** | -0.118*** | -0.142*** | -0.236*** | -0.157*** | -0.153*** |
edS | 0.004 | -0.014* | -0.059*** | -0.043*** | -0.029*** | -0.036*** | -0.005 | -0.017 | 0.001 | -0.028*** | -0.013 | -0.065*** | -0.014 | -0.018 |
edH | 0.203*** | 0.123*** | 0.229*** | 0.131*** | 0.243*** | 0.128*** | 0.081*** | 0.169*** | 0.138*** | 0.146*** | 0.156*** | 0.301*** | 0.171*** | 0.171*** |
female | -0.100*** | -0.033*** | -0.129*** | -0.176*** | -0.132*** | -0.091*** | -0.093*** | -0.203*** | -0.085*** | -0.108*** | -0.102*** | -0.084*** | -0.073*** | -0.082*** |
male | 0.100*** | 0.033*** | 0.129*** | 0.176*** | 0.132*** | 0.091*** | 0.093*** | 0.203*** | 0.085*** | 0.108*** | 0.102*** | 0.084*** | 0.073*** | 0.082*** |
temporary | -0.071*** | -0.065*** | -0.070*** | -0.291*** | -0.025*** | -0.102*** | na. | -0.051 | -0.084*** | -0.083*** | -0.087*** | -0.079*** | -0.038 | -0.097*** |
permanent | 0.071*** | 0.065*** | 0.070*** | 0.291*** | 0.025*** | 0.102*** | na. | 0.051 | 0.084*** | 0.083*** | 0.087*** | 0.079*** | 0.038 | 0.097*** |
occup_d | -0.189*** | -0.145*** | -0.113*** | -0.305*** | -0.162*** | -0.231*** | -0.125*** | -0.148*** | -0.161*** | -0.173*** | -0.201*** | -0.201*** | -0.170*** | -0.128*** |
occup_c | -0.063*** | -0.071*** | -0.141*** | -0.149*** | -0.120*** | -0.087*** | -0.120*** | -0.236*** | -0.126*** | -0.160*** | -0.122*** | -0.170*** | -0.152*** | -0.093*** |
occup_b | 0.102*** | 0.047*** | 0.065*** | 0.099*** | 0.067*** | 0.116*** | 0.067*** | 0.147*** | 0.090*** | 0.028*** | 0.020 | 0.088*** | 0.139*** | 0.082*** |
occup_a | 0.150*** | 0.169*** | 0.189*** | 0.355*** | 0.216*** | 0.202*** | 0.178*** | 0.237*** | 0.198*** | 0.305*** | 0.304*** | 0.283*** | 0.183*** | 0.140*** |
Constant | 2.628*** | 2.730*** | 0.221*** | 2.286*** | 1.369*** | 2.561*** | 3.114*** | 1.206*** | 2.374*** | 2.725*** | 2.335*** | 1.108*** | 2.987*** | 2.905*** |
Observations | 2,963 | 3,224 | 3,031 | 2,862 | 8,484 | 6,559 | 4,551 | 4,011 | 8,601 | 3,453 | 3,104 | 5,943 | 1,965 | 1,083 |
R-squared | 0.326 | 0.268 | 0.216 | 0.528 | 0.341 | 0.266 | 0.262 | 0.334 | 0.366 | 0.400 | 0.392 | 0.381 | 0.351 | 0.274 |
| Â | IT | LT | LU | LV | NL | NO | PL | PT | RO | SE | SI | SK | UK | |
public | 0.056*** | 0.018 | 0.137*** | 0.097*** | 0.072*** | -0.026 | 0.061*** | 0.078*** | 0.107*** | 0.060** | -0.004 | 0.092*** | 0.092*** | |
education | -0.035*** | 0.068*** | 0.002 | -0.082*** | -0.093*** | -0.048*** | 0.041*** | 0.052*** | -0.057*** | -0.089*** | 0.018 | -0.059*** | -0.062*** | |
health | 0.032*** | -0.089*** | -0.023 | 0.041 | -0.002 | -0.009 | -0.105*** | -0.019 | -0.054*** | -0.065*** | -0.003 | -0.066*** | -0.041** | |
other | -0.053*** | 0.003 | -0.117*** | -0.056*** | 0.022** | 0.084*** | 0.002 | -0.111*** | 0.004 | 0.094*** | -0.011 | 0.033*** | 0.010 | |
age25_29 | -0.205*** | 0.011 | -0.250*** | 0.029 | -0.264*** | -0.151*** | -0.163*** | -0.219*** | -0.137*** | -0.187*** | -0.159*** | -0.049*** | -0.180*** | |
age30_34 | -0.111*** | 0.075*** | -0.176*** | 0.059** | -0.113*** | -0.071*** | -0.089*** | -0.112*** | -0.023 | -0.122*** | -0.109*** | -0.038*** | 0.002 | |
age35_39 | -0.040*** | -0.043** | -0.091*** | 0.015 | 0.007 | 0.024 | 0.027** | -0.011 | -0.003 | -0.015 | -0.008 | 0.026** | 0.042** | |
age40_44 | 0.021*** | 0.017 | -0.005 | -0.014 | 0.066*** | 0.043** | 0.067*** | 0.032* | 0.063*** | 0.037* | 0.031** | 0.028** | 0.043*** | |
age45_49 | 0.077*** | 0.008 | 0.085*** | -0.004 | 0.087*** | 0.080*** | 0.054*** | 0.082*** | 0.040*** | 0.080*** | 0.094*** | 0.024** | 0.043*** | |
age50_54 | 0.113*** | -0.030 | 0.176*** | -0.050** | 0.108*** | 0.055*** | 0.048*** | 0.104*** | 0.041*** | 0.099*** | 0.079*** | 0.026** | 0.021 | |
age55_60 | 0.145*** | -0.038* | 0.261*** | -0.034 | 0.109*** | 0.020 | 0.056*** | 0.125*** | 0.019 | 0.108*** | 0.071*** | -0.017 | 0.030* | |
edL | -0.139*** | -0.121*** | -0.192*** | -0.207*** | -0.140*** | -0.118*** | -0.179*** | -0.352*** | -0.240*** | -0.039* | -0.246*** | -0.209*** | -0.204*** | |
edS | -0.001 | -0.031* | -0.015 | -0.076*** | -0.058*** | -0.001 | -0.032*** | -0.048*** | -0.050*** | -0.021* | -0.057*** | -0.006 | -0.011 | |
edH | 0.139*** | 0.152*** | 0.207*** | 0.283*** | 0.198*** | 0.119*** | 0.212*** | 0.401*** | 0.290*** | 0.060*** | 0.303*** | 0.215*** | 0.215*** | |
female | -0.076*** | -0.187*** | -0.088*** | -0.170*** | -0.063*** | -0.088*** | -0.116*** | -0.135*** | -0.091*** | -0.084*** | -0.076*** | -0.114*** | -0.082*** | |
male | 0.076*** | 0.187*** | 0.088*** | 0.170*** | 0.063*** | 0.088*** | 0.116*** | 0.135*** | 0.091*** | 0.084*** | 0.076*** | 0.114*** | 0.082*** | |
temporary | -0.115*** | -0.049** | -0.107*** | -0.056* | -0.057*** | -0.062** | -0.096*** | -0.079*** | -0.071*** | -0.130*** | -0.097*** | -0.050*** | na | |
permanent | 0.115*** | 0.049** | 0.107*** | 0.056* | 0.057*** | 0.062** | 0.096*** | 0.079*** | 0.071*** | 0.130*** | 0.097*** | 0.050*** | na | |
occup_d | -0.182*** | -0.237*** | -0.283*** | -0.220*** | -0.157*** | -0.086*** | -0.202*** | -0.186*** | -0.204*** | -0.209*** | -0.234*** | -0.131*** | -0.226*** | |
occup_c | -0.088*** | -0.255*** | -0.150*** | -0.215*** | -0.083*** | -0.093*** | -0.210*** | -0.091*** | -0.212*** | -0.134*** | -0.120*** | -0.137*** | -0.120*** | |
occup_b | 0.025** | 0.170*** | 0.138*** | 0.140*** | 0.063*** | 0.058*** | 0.128*** | 0.177*** | 0.104*** | 0.037** | 0.083*** | 0.060*** | 0.111*** | |
occup_a | 0.246*** | 0.322*** | 0.295*** | 0.296*** | 0.177*** | 0.120*** | 0.284*** | 0.100 | 0.312*** | 0.307*** | 0.271*** | 0.209*** | 0.235*** | |
Constant | 2.528*** | 1.004*** | 3.042*** | 1.176*** | 2.943*** | 3.017*** | 1.185*** | 2.046*** | 0.530*** | 2.721*** | 2.000*** | 0.995*** | 2.819*** | |
Observations | 10,219 | 3,575 | 2,912 | 3,726 | 2,485 | 2,128 | 8,586 | 2,777 | 4,588 | 2,493 | 3,365 | 5,521 | 4,439 | |
R-squared | 0.313 | 0.282 | 0.537 | 0.293 | 0.417 | 0.182 | 0.303 | 0.514 | 0.387 | 0.224 | 0.442 | 0.284 | 0.294 | |