From: Exploring the public-private sector wage gap in European countries
 | AT | BE | BG | CY | CZ | DE | DK | EE | ES | FI | GR | HU | IE | IS |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FULL SAMPLE | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
public | 2.847*** | 2.842*** | 0.428*** | 2.538*** | 1.539*** | 2.829*** | 3.211*** | 1.399*** | 2.536*** | 2.933*** | 2.507*** | 1.389*** | 3.180*** | 3.235*** |
private | 2.753*** | 2.839*** | 0.311*** | 2.242*** | 1.333*** | 2.794*** | 3.162*** | 1.266*** | 2.253*** | 2.805*** | 2.173*** | 1.098*** | 3.023*** | 3.082*** |
difference | 0.095*** | 0.004 | 0.117*** | 0.296*** | 0.206*** | 0.034*** | 0.049** | 0.133*** | 0.283*** | 0.128*** | 0.334*** | 0.291*** | 0.157*** | 0.153*** |
explained | 0.092*** | 0.036*** | 0.087*** | 0.097*** | 0.091*** | 0.087*** | 0.001 | 0.111*** | 0.151*** | 0.115*** | 0.144*** | 0.133*** | 0.061*** | 0.066*** |
pub. adv. | 0.003 | -0.028** | 0.027 | 0.176*** | 0.108*** | -0.045*** | 0.046** | 0.020 | 0.115*** | 0.012 | 0.159*** | 0.143*** | 0.081*** | 0.078** |
pri. disadv. | 0.000 | -0.005** | 0.002 | 0.023*** | 0.007*** | -0.007*** | 0.002** | 0.001 | 0.017*** | 0.001 | 0.031*** | 0.014*** | 0.014*** | 0.008** |
Obs. | 2,963 | 3,224 | 3,031 | 2,862 | 8,484 | 6,559 | 4,551 | 4,011 | 8,601 | 3,453 | 3,104 | 5,943 | 1,965 | 1,083 |
FEMALE | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
public | 2.763*** | 2.828*** | 0.290*** | 2.313*** | 1.425*** | 2.771*** | 3.163*** | 1.285*** | 2.472*** | 2.800*** | 2.428*** | 1.367*** | 3.145*** | 3.094*** |
private | 2.634*** | 2.787*** | 0.192*** | 2.056*** | 1.192*** | 2.680*** | 3.058*** | 1.083*** | 2.195*** | 2.700*** | 2.084*** | 1.046*** | 2.953*** | 3.006*** |
difference | 0.129*** | 0.041 | 0.098* | 0.257*** | 0.233*** | 0.091*** | 0.104*** | 0.202*** | 0.277*** | 0.099*** | 0.344*** | 0.321*** | 0.192*** | 0.088 |
explained | 0.060** | 0.009 | 0.071*** | 0.070 | 0.100*** | 0.066*** | -0.001 | 0.149*** | 0.160*** | 0.102*** | 0.109*** | 0.106*** | 0.080*** | 0.051* |
pub. adv. | 0.063** | 0.027 | 0.026 | 0.170*** | 0.125*** | 0.021 | 0.100*** | 0.049* | 0.101*** | -0.003 | 0.199*** | 0.195*** | 0.094*** | 0.033 |
pri. disadv. | 0.006* | 0.005 | 0.002 | 0.018*** | 0.009*** | 0.004 | 0.005*** | 0.004* | 0.016*** | -0.000 | 0.035*** | 0.020*** | 0.019*** | 0.004 |
Obs. | 941 | 1,087 | 1,467 | 1,332 | 3,858 | 2,124 | 2,125 | 2,072 | 3,498 | 1,681 | 1,219 | 2,894 | 771 | 477 |
MALE | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
public | 2.880*** | 2.851*** | 0.533*** | 2.674*** | 1.647*** | 2.861*** | 3.264*** | 1.550*** | 2.585*** | 3.056*** | 2.552*** | 1.412*** | 3.207*** | 3.354*** |
private | 2.809*** | 2.864*** | 0.425*** | 2.411*** | 1.449*** | 2.848*** | 3.252*** | 1.458*** | 2.292*** | 2.904*** | 2.231*** | 1.148*** | 3.067*** | 3.142*** |
difference | 0.071** | -0.013 | 0.108** | 0.263*** | 0.199*** | 0.013 | 0.012 | 0.092** | 0.292*** | 0.152*** | 0.320*** | 0.264*** | 0.140*** | 0.212*** |
explained | 0.096*** | 0.056*** | 0.063*** | 0.041* | 0.106*** | 0.109*** | 0.027* | 0.078*** | 0.148*** | 0.119*** | 0.154*** | 0.162*** | 0.072*** | 0.086** |
pub. adv. | -0.023 | -0.059*** | 0.041 | 0.192*** | 0.088*** | -0.083*** | -0.015 | 0.014 | 0.126*** | 0.031 | 0.138*** | 0.092*** | 0.058** | 0.115** |
pri. disadv. | -0.002 | -0.009*** | 0.004 | 0.030*** | 0.005*** | -0.013*** | -0.001 | 0.001 | 0.017*** | 0.002 | 0.029*** | 0.009*** | 0.009** | 0.012** |
Obs. | 2,022 | 2,137 | 1,564 | 1,530 | 4,626 | 4,435 | 2,426 | 1,939 | 5,103 | 1,772 | 1,885 | 3,049 | 1,194 | 606 |
 | IT | LT | LU | LV | NL | NO | PL | PT | RO | SE | SI | SK | UK |  |
FULL SAMPLE | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
public | 2.719*** | 1.221*** | 3.297*** | 1.486*** | 3.227*** | 3.171*** | 1.451*** | 2.047*** | 0.814*** | 2.928*** | 2.235*** | 1.185*** | 3.007*** | Â |
private | 2.489*** | 1.062*** | 2.962*** | 1.106*** | 3.092*** | 3.200*** | 1.178*** | 1.770*** | 0.520*** | 2.858*** | 2.009*** | 1.043*** | 2.909*** | Â |
difference | 0.230*** | 0.159*** | 0.335*** | 0.380*** | 0.134*** | -0.029 | 0.273*** | 0.277*** | 0.294*** | 0.070* | 0.226*** | 0.142*** | 0.098*** | Â |
explained | 0.143*** | 0.142*** | 0.106*** | 0.241*** | 0.070*** | 0.044*** | 0.210*** | 0.124*** | 0.184*** | 0.042* | 0.225*** | 0.063*** | 0.001 | Â |
pub. adv. | 0.077*** | 0.015 | 0.212*** | 0.124*** | 0.056*** | -0.069*** | 0.058*** | 0.135*** | 0.104*** | 0.027 | 0.001 | 0.068*** | 0.086*** | Â |
pri. disadv. | 0.010*** | 0.001 | 0.017*** | 0.015*** | 0.008*** | -0.004*** | 0.005*** | 0.017*** | 0.006*** | 0.001 | 0.000 | 0.011*** | 0.011*** | Â |
Obs. | 10,219 | 3,575 | 2,912 | 3,726 | 2,485 | 2,128 | 8,586 | 2,777 | 4,588 | 2,493 | 3,365 | 5,521 | 4,439 | Â |
FEMALE | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
public | 2.659*** | 1.170*** | 3.163*** | 1.467*** | 3.111*** | 3.060*** | 1.363*** | 1.971*** | 0.688*** | 2.764*** | 2.201*** | 1.099*** | 2.941*** | Â |
private | 2.444*** | 0.935*** | 2.873*** | 1.012*** | 3.010*** | 3.085*** | 1.112*** | 1.718*** | 0.441*** | 2.750*** | 1.982*** | 0.927*** | 2.812*** | Â |
difference | 0.215*** | 0.235*** | 0.290*** | 0.455*** | 0.101*** | -0.025 | 0.251*** | 0.253*** | 0.247*** | 0.014 | 0.219*** | 0.172*** | 0.129*** | Â |
explained | 0.131*** | 0.141*** | 0.035 | 0.267*** | 0.010 | 0.039** | 0.206*** | 0.094** | 0.132*** | -0.055** | 0.187*** | 0.100*** | 0.007 | Â |
pub. adv. | 0.075*** | 0.086** | 0.241*** | 0.167*** | 0.079*** | -0.060* | 0.041** | 0.144*** | 0.111** | 0.065 | 0.029 | 0.059*** | 0.104*** | Â |
pri. disadv. | 0.010*** | 0.008** | 0.013*** | 0.021*** | 0.012*** | -0.005* | 0.005** | 0.015*** | 0.005** | 0.004 | 0.003 | 0.013*** | 0.018*** | Â |
Obs. | 3,614 | 1,832 | 922 | 1,984 | 535 | 834 | 3,811 | 1,297 | 2,045 | 1,049 | 1,685 | 2,700 | 1,816 | Â |
MALE | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
public | 2.749*** | 1.275*** | 3.336*** | 1.510*** | 3.264*** | 3.277*** | 1.553*** | 2.099*** | 0.879*** | 3.049*** | 2.275*** | 1.327*** | 3.081*** | Â |
private | 2.514*** | 1.195*** | 3.005*** | 1.212*** | 3.115*** | 3.272*** | 1.229*** | 1.818*** | 0.585*** | 2.936*** | 2.035*** | 1.145*** | 2.972*** | Â |
difference | 0.235*** | 0.079* | 0.331*** | 0.299*** | 0.149*** | 0.006 | 0.324*** | 0.281*** | 0.294*** | 0.113** | 0.240*** | 0.182*** | 0.109*** | Â |
explained | 0.143*** | 0.127*** | 0.104*** | 0.219*** | 0.098*** | 0.089*** | 0.244*** | 0.137*** | 0.180*** | 0.117*** | 0.268*** | 0.099*** | 0.034* | Â |
pub. adv. | 0.081*** | -0.044 | 0.209*** | 0.072* | 0.045*** | -0.079*** | 0.074*** | 0.126*** | 0.107*** | -0.004 | -0.027 | 0.075*** | 0.067*** | Â |
pri. disadv. | 0.011*** | -0.004 | 0.019*** | 0.008* | 0.006*** | -0.004*** | 0.006*** | 0.018*** | 0.007*** | -0.000 | -0.002 | 0.008*** | 0.007*** | Â |
Obs. | 6,605 | 1,743 | 1,990 | 1,742 | 1,950 | 1,294 | 4,775 | 1,480 | 2,543 | 1,444 | 1,680 | 2,821 | 2,623 | Â |