Table 1 Regression coefficients across indicators
From: Higher education and economic innovation, a comparison of European countries
| Â | Dependent variable | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Organizational autonomy | Financial autonomy | Policy autonomy | Exp per student | Fin. aid | Financial location | Internat. students | Transition | Enrolt | Grads | Employt | Top500 Univers. | Top pubs | Marie Curie fellos | co-pubs | ERC wins | Knowl emplt | Labor prod. | ||
| Â | Organizational autonomy | Â | 1.83 | 0.025 | -0.52 | 0.97 | -0.82 | -0.74 | 0.13 | 2.66 | -2.20** | -0.31 | 0.13** | 0.93 | 0.38 | 6.95 | 0.23 | 0.7 | 2.33 |
| Â | Financial autonomy | 0.46 | Â | 0.16 | -0.1 | 0.08 | -0.82 | -1.98 | 1.19 | 1.6 | 0.41 | 2.58 | 0.14 | 0.86 | 0.84 | 16.64 | 0.35 | 1.95 | 4.11 |
| Â | Policy autonomy | 0.07 | 0.19 | Â | 1.31 | 0.51 | -10.73 | -0.83 | 3.60* | -0.16 | 1.02 | 3.07 | 0.07 | -0.67 | 0.26 | 9.45 | 0.09 | 0.19 | -1.65 |
| Â | Exp per student | -0.01 | 0.00 | 0.01 | Â | 0.81** | -0.52 | 0.48**** | 0.59** | -0.65* | 0.00 | 0.65*** | 0.03*** | 0.29** | 0.22*** | 3.89** | 0.06** | 0.31 | 0.52 |
| Â | Financial aid | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.19** | Â | -0.36 | 0.25*** | 0.16 | -0.23 | -0.16* | 0.07 | 0.00* | 0.13** | 0.06* | 1.32* | 0.01 | 0.16 | 0.40** |
| Â | Financial location | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | -0.02 | -0.08 | Â | -0.06 | 0.03 | -0.02 | -0.01 | -0.06 | 0.00 | 0.02 | -0.03 | 0.29 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.05 |
| Â | Internat. students | -0.23 | -0.02 | 0.00 | 0.42*** | 0.92*** | -1.06 | Â | 0.30 | -0.47 | -0.03 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.22** | 0.16** | 1.33 | 0.03 | 0.32 | 0.32 |
| Â | Transition | 0 | 0.00 | 0.02 | 0.32* | 0.37 | 0.33 | 0.19 | Â | -0.35 | -0.02 | 0.17 | 0.02** | 0.21** | 0.11** | 2.07 | 0.03* | 0.49** | 0.48* |
| Â | Enrollment | 0.02 | 0.00 | 0.00 | -0.17* | -0.24 | -0.09 | -0.14 | -0.16 | Â | -0.02 | -0.18 | 0 | -0.12** | -0.05 | -2.27*** | -0.01 | -0.33*** | -0.49*** |
Independent variable | Graduates | -0.07* | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.00 | -0.63* | -0.24 | -0.04 | -0.03 | -0.1 | Â | 0.48** | -0.01 | -0.15 | 0.03 | -0.34 | -0.01 | 0.12 | -0.21 |
| Â | Employment | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.31** | 0.15 | -0.05 | 0.03 | 0.14 | -0.34 | 0.25** | Â | 0.01*** | 0.1 | 0.11** | 2.76** | 0.03** | 0.36** | 0.41 |
| Â | Top500 Uni. | 1.25** | 0.54 | 0.23 | 7.93*** | 10.61 | 9.55 | 3.27 | 10.24*** | -6.32 | -3.93 | 9.90** | Â | 8.33**** | 5.43**** | 98.97**** | 2.10**** | 9.25** | 19.62**** |
| Â | Top publications | 0.07 | 0.02 | -0.01 | 0.67** | 1.28** | 1.12 | 0.59** | 0.86** | -1.07** | -0.38 | 0.49 | 0.07**** | Â | 0.53**** | 9.67**** | 0.19**** | 1.22**** | 2.29**** |
| Â | Marie Curie fellos | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 1.17*** | 1.47* | -0.37 | 1.03** | 1.11** | -1.05 | 0.19 | 1.30** | 0.11**** | 1.22**** | Â | 13.03**** | 0.31**** | 1.52*** | 2.49*** |
| Â | Public-private co-publications | 0.003 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.04** | 0.06* | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.04* | -0.10*** | 0 | 0.07** | 0 | 0.05**** | 0.02**** | Â | 0.01**** | 0.07*** | 0.11*** |
| Â | ERC wins | 0.36 | 0.22 | 0.04 | 2.83** | 3.00 | 4.33 | 1.92 | 2.93* | -2.35 | -0.53 | 3.62** | 0.35 | 3.70**** | 2.55**** | 40.60**** | Â | 4.03*** | 7.47*** |
| Â | Knowledge employment | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.18 | 0.40 | -0.03 | 0.21 | 0.51*** | -0.73*** | 0.07 | 0.44** | 0.02** | 0.31**** | 0.16*** | 3.70*** | 0.05*** | Â | 1.23**** |
| Â | Labor productivity | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.12 | 0.40** | 0.25 | 0.09 | 0.20* | -0.46*** | -0.05 | 0.2 | 0.01**** | 0.24**** | 0.11*** | 2.24*** | 0.04*** | 0.51**** | Â |