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Table 5 Definition of the variables and mean characteristics

From: Hours of work and retirement behaviour

Variable

Definition

Mean or percentage

All

Men

Women

Age (time)

Person’s age if employed or, if retired, the age of start of pension receipt

56.84

58.66

58.59

(4.86)(1)

(5.85)(1)

(5.96)(1)

Retired (failure)

=1 if the person already exit the labour force

37.06

37.59

36.42

Reduction A

=1 if the individual has effectively reduced his/her hours of work

9.82

8.45

11.46

Reduction B (2)

=1 if the individual did reduce or intends to reduce hours of work

20.12

19.20

21.21

Male

=1 if the person is of male gender

54.33

--

--

Activity sector

    

  Agriculture

=1 if the person works or worked in the agriculture sector

5.59

5.17

6.10

  Industrial

=2 if the person works or worked in the industrial sector

28.43

37.52

17.61

  Services

=3 if the person works or worked in the services sector (omitted category)

65.98

57.31

76.29

Blue-collar

=1 if the individual works or has worked in an occupation classified as blue-collar

54.45

59.23

48.75

Education

    

  0 years

=1 if the person has no complete degree of education

11.87

8.62

15.74

  4 years

=2 if the person completed 4 years of education

51.55

56.37

45.81

  6 years

=3 if the person completed 6 years of education

6.77

7.19

6.27

  9 years

=4 if the person completed 9 years of education

11.06

11.55

10.47

High school

=5 if the person has a high-school diploma

6.92

6.70

7.18

University

=6 if college degree

11.83

9.52

14.53

Region

    

  North

=1 if the person resides in the North of Portugal (omitted category)

24.05

25.55

22.26

  Centre

=2 if the person resides in the Centre

12.90

13.16

12.58

  Lisbon

=3 if resides in Lisbon

22.57

21.40

23.96

  Alentejo

=4 if he/she resides in Alentejo

15.91

14.21

17.94

  Algarve

=5 if he/she resides in Algarve

9.84

9.56

10.17

  Azores

=6 if he/she resides in Azores

6.96

8.48

5.15

  Madeira

=7 if he/she resides in Madeira

7.78

7.64

7.93

Active spouse (3)

=1 if the spouse is still in activity

62.58

67.73

59.48

  1. Source: Computations from the authors based on the “Transition to Retirement” module data, 2006. Portugal, National Statistics Office (INE) (2009), data from the Labour Force Survey in magnetic medium.
  2. Note: (1)Standard deviation of the variable Age; (2)There are 2,738 observations for this variable; (3)There are 2,670 observations for the variable Active spouse. Number of observations: 5,273.