Table 1 Youth (un)employment rate vs. rate of elderly (un)employed workers in 2008 and 2012
From: How to combine the entry of young people in the labour market with the retention of older workers?
| Â | Youth unemployment rates (%) | Youth employment rates (%) | Elderly unemployment rates (%) | Elderly employment rates (%) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GEO/TIME | 2008 | 2012 | Difference | 2008 | 2012 | Difference | 2008 | 2012 | Difference | 2008 | 2012 | Difference |
European Union (EU-27) | 15.6 | 22.8 | 7.2 | 37.4 | 32.9 | −4.5 | 5.1 | 7.3 | 2.2 | 45.6 | 48.9 | 3.3 |
Belgium | 18.0 | 19.8 | 1.8 | 27.4 | 25.3 | −2.1 | 4.4 | 4.5 | 0.1 | 34.5 | 39.5 | 5.0 |
Bulgaria | 12.7 | 28.1 | 15.4 | 26.3 | 21.9 | −4.4 | 5.5 | 10.4 | 4.9 | 46.0 | 45.7 | −0.3 |
Czech Republic | 9.9 | 19.5 | 9.6 | 28.1 | 25.2 | −2.9 | 3.9 | 5.8 | 1.9 | 47.6 | 49.3 | 1.7 |
Denmark | 8.0 | 14.1 | 6.1 | 66.4 | 55.0 | −11.4 | 2.6 | 5.5 | 2.9 | 58.4 | 60.8 | 2.4 |
Germany | 10.6 | 8.1 | −2.5 | 46.6 | 46.6 | 0.0 | 8.5 | 5.9 | −2.6 | 53.7 | 61.5 | 7.8 |
Estonia | 12.0 | 20.9 | 8.9 | 36.4 | 33.0 | −3.4 | 4.1 | 7.0 | 2.9 | 62.4 | 60.6 | −1.8 |
Ireland | 12.7 | 30.4 | 17.7 | 45.9 | 28.2 | −17.7 | 3.3 | 10.5 | 7.2 | 53.7 | 49.3 | −4.4 |
Greece | 22.1 | 55.3 | 33.2 | 23.5 | 13.1 | −10.4 | 3.2 | 13.6 | 10.4 | 42.8 | 36.4 | −6.4 |
Spain | 24.6 | 53.2 | 28.6 | 36.0 | 18.2 | −17.8 | 7.3 | 17.9 | 10.6 | 45.6 | 43.9 | −1.7 |
France | 18.6 | 23.8 | 5.2 | 31.3 | 28.8 | −2.5 | 4.6 | 7.1 | 2.5 | 38.2 | 44.5 | 6.3 |
Italy | 21.3 | 35.3 | 14.0 | 24.4 | 18.6 | −5.8 | 3.1 | 5.3 | 2.2 | 34.4 | 40.4 | 6.0 |
Cyprus | 9.0 | 27.8 | 18.8 | 38.0 | 28.1 | −9.9 | 3.2 | 9.7 | 6.5 | 54.8 | 50.7 | −4.1 |
Latvia | 13.1 | 28.5 | 15.4 | 37.2 | 28.7 | −8.5 | 6.2 | 14.7 | 8.5 | 59.4 | 52.8 | −6.6 |
Lithuania | 13.4 | 26.7 | 13.3 | 26.7 | 21.5 | −5.2 | 4.4 | 11.9 | 7.5 | 53.1 | 51.7 | −1.4 |
Luxembourg | 17.9 | 18.8 | 0.9 | 23.8 | 21.7 | −2.1 | : | 2.1 | : | 34.1 | 41.0 | 6.9 |
Hungary | 19.9 | 28.1 | 8.2 | 20.0 | 18.6 | −1.4 | 5.0 | 7.9 | 2.9 | 31.4 | 36.9 | 5.5 |
Malta | 12.2 | 14.2 | 2.0 | 45.8 | 43.8 | −2.0 | 4.0 | 3.7 | −0.3 | 29.3 | 33.6 | 4.3 |
Netherlands | 5.3 | 9.5 | 4.2 | 69.3 | 63.3 | −6.0 | 3.2 | 4.7 | 1.5 | 53.0 | 58.6 | 5.6 |
Austria | 8.0 | 8.7 | 0.7 | 55.9 | 54.6 | −1.3 | 2.1 | 3.0 | 0.9 | 41.0 | 43.1 | 2.1 |
Poland | 17.3 | 26.5 | 9.2 | 27.3 | 24.7 | −2.6 | 5.3 | 7.4 | 2.1 | 31.6 | 38.7 | 7.1 |
Portugal | 16.4 | 37.7 | 21.3 | 34.7 | 23.6 | −11.1 | 6.6 | 12.8 | 6.2 | 50.8 | 46.5 | −4.3 |
Romania | 18.6 | 22.7 | 4.1 | 24.8 | 23.9 | −0.9 | 2.5 | 3.4 | 0.9 | 43.1 | 41.4 | −1.7 |
Slovenia | 10.4 | 20.6 | 10.2 | 38.4 | 27.3 | −11.1 | 4.0 | 6.2 | 2.2 | 32.8 | 32.9 | 0.1 |
Slovakia | 19.0 | 34.0 | 15.0 | 26.2 | 20.1 | −6.1 | 6.4 | 11.2 | 4.8 | 39.2 | 43.1 | 3.9 |
Finland | 16.5 | 19.0 | 2.5 | 44.7 | 41.8 | −2.9 | 5.4 | 6.6 | 1.2 | 56.5 | 58.2 | 1.7 |
Sweden | 20.2 | 23.6 | 3.4 | 42.2 | 40.2 | −2.0 | 3.8 | 5.2 | 1.4 | 70.1 | 73.0 | 2.9 |
United Kingdom | 15.0 | 21.0 | 6.0 | 52.4 | 46.9 | −5.5 | 3.1 | 4.9 | 1.8 | 58.0 | 58.1 | 0.1 |