From: Occupational segregation and gender differentials in earnings in Macedonia
 | Both sexes | Men | Women | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Coefficient | Standard | Coefficient | Standard | Coefficient | Standard |
 |  | errora |  | errora |  | errora |
Constant | 3.2636 | 0.1105*** | 3.2741 | 0.1213*** | 2.5948 | 0.2255*** |
Education dummiesb | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Primary | 0.1251 | 0.0348*** | 0.0737 | 0.0398* | 0.3123 | 0.0697*** |
 Secondary, 3 years | 0.2044 | 0.0408*** | 0.1352 | 0.0444*** | 0.4681 | 0.0856*** |
 Secondary, 4 years | 0.2976 | 0.0418*** | 0.2414 | 0.0446*** | 0.5325 | 0.0892*** |
 Non-university post-secondary | 0.4314 | 0.0509*** | 0.4385 | 0.0572*** | 0.5961 | 0.1038*** |
 University and above | 0.6814 | 0.0558*** | 0.6568 | 0.0597*** | 0.9129 | 0.1165*** |
Years of potential experience | 0.0123 | 0.0047*** | 0.0186 | 0.0056*** | 0.0173 | 0.0080** |
Experience-squared | -0.0002 | 0.0001** | -0.0004 | 0.0001*** | -0.0003 | 0.0002* |
Unmarried person dummy | -0.0521 | 0.0209** | -0.1179 | 0.0280*** | 0.0359 | 0.0312 |
Enterprise dummiesc | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Public sector | -0.1462 | 0.0196*** | -0.1827 | 0.0278*** | -0.1073 | 0.0267*** |
 Private, with <10 employees | -0.2521 | 0.0258*** | -0.2740 | 0.0353*** | -0.2197 | 0.0371*** |
 Private, with 10–25 employees | -0.0307 | 0.0332 | -0.0320 | 0.0442 | -0.0546 | 0.0492 |
Pension fund registration dummy | 0.1316 | 0.0186*** | 0.1196 | 0.0250*** | 0.1509 | 0.0267*** |
Industry dummiesd | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Manufacturing | 0.1029 | 0.0276*** | 0.0944 | 0.0329*** | 0.1581 | 0.0530*** |
 Electricity, gas, water supply | 0.4279 | 0.0379*** | 0.4410 | 0.0438*** | 0.3189 | 0.0795*** |
 Construction | 0.1694 | 0.0334*** | 0.1446 | 0.0384*** | 0.0721 | 0.0785 |
 Wholesale and retail trade | 0.1679 | 0.0338*** | 0.1163 | 0.0421*** | 0.2629 | 0.0592*** |
 Hotels and restaurants | 0.2383 | 0.0454*** | 0.1111 | 0.0600* | 0.4327 | 0.0719*** |
 Transport and communications | 0.2108 | 0.0357*** | 0.1712 | 0.0414*** | 0.3799 | 0.0757*** |
 Financial intermediation | 0.6299 | 0.0530*** | 0.6322 | 0.0882*** | 0.6328 | 0.0722*** |
 Real estate and business services | 0.1590 | 0.0459*** | 0.0743 | 0.0564 | 0.3092 | 0.0804*** |
 Public administration | 0.2543 | 0.0355*** | 0.2764 | 0.0444*** | 0.2177 | 0.0623*** |
 Education | 0.1262 | 0.0368*** | 0.0909 | 0.0499* | 0.1794 | 0.0603*** |
 Health and social work | 0.2162 | 0.0353*** | 0.1858 | 0.0529*** | 0.2224 | 0.0581*** |
 Other services | 0.2519 | 0.0354*** | 0.2347 | 0.0430*** | 0.3101 | 0.0639*** |
Occupation dummiese | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Managers and senior officials | 0.2627 | 0.0416*** | 0.2844 | 0.0513*** | 0.2222 | 0.0749*** |
 Professionals | 0.2341 | 0.0340*** | 0.1863 | 0.0466*** | 0.2921 | 0.0494*** |
 Technicians and associate professionals | 0.2181 | 0.0295*** | 0.1711 | 0.0393*** | 0.2788 | 0.0452*** |
 Clerks | 0.1519 | 0.0300*** | 0.1046 | 0.0408** | 0.1997 | 0.0447*** |
 Service and sales workers | 0.0493 | 0.0273* | 0.0642 | 0.0360* | 0.0171 | 0.0413 |
 Craft and related trade workers | 0.0657 | 0.0268** | 0.0970 | 0.0340*** | 0.0090 | 0.0444 |
 Plant and machine operators and assemblers | 0.0446 | 0.0283 | 0.0629 | 0.0351* | -0.0162 | 0.0536 |
Occupation feminization dummiesf | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Feminization 21-40 percent | -0.0856 | 0.0203*** | -0.0590 | 0.0245** | -0.0588 | 0.0477 |
 Feminization 41–60 percent | -0.0933 | 0.0209*** | -0.0586 | 0.0268** | -0.0622 | 0.0458 |
 Feminization 61–80 percent | -0.1809 | 0.0263*** | -0.1833 | 0.0419*** | -0.1088 | 0.0482** |
 Feminization >80 percent | -0.1710 | 0.0239*** | -0.2265 | 0.0475*** | -0.0999 | 0.0460** |
Ethnic affiliation dummiesg | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Ethnic Albanians | -0.0407 | 0.0333 | -0.0698 | 0.0349** | -0.1745 | 0.0817** |
 Other minorities | -0.0254 | 0.0296 | -0.0600 | 0.0351* | -0.0455 | 0.0539 |
Region dummiesh | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 West Macedonia | -0.0926 | 0.0182*** | -0.1111 | 0.0243*** | -0.0614 | 0.0284** |
 East Macedonia | -0.2123 | 0.0159*** | -0.2502 | 0.0219*** | -0.1647 | 0.0229*** |
 Central Macedonia | -0.1329 | 0.0170*** | -0.1476 | 0.0228*** | -0.1199 | 0.0243*** |
Urban area dummy | 0.0430 | 0.0157*** | 0.0237 | 0.0192 | 0.1112 | 0.0243*** |
Selection term (LAMBDA) | 0.1165 | 0.0437*** | 0.2126 | 0.0519*** | 0.1583 | 0.0718** |
Female dummy | -0.1265 | 0.0183*** | Â | Â | Â | Â |
R-squared | 0.3533 | Â | Â | 0.3078 | 0.4465 | Â |
Adjusted R-squared | 0.3482 | Â | Â | 0.2989 | 0.4353 | Â |
F-ratio | 68.51 | Â | Â | 34.54 | 40.10 | Â |
(N) | 5436 | Â | Â | 3305 | 2131 | Â |