Table 12 Wage equation, working age population (15–64), 2011
From: Does Italy represent an opportunity for temporary migrants from the eastern partnership countries?
Total (a) | Women (b) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
vs. Italians | vs. total immigrants | vs. Poland, Romania | vs. Italians | vs. total immigrants | vs. Poland, Romania | |
Ukraine | -0.26*** | -0.04 | -0.02 | -0.27*** | -0.06* | -0.02 |
(0.03) | (0.04) | (0.04) | (0.03) | (0.03) | (0.04) | |
Moldova | -0.15*** | 0.00 | -0.02 | -0.12* | 0.01 | 0.03 |
(0.05) | (0.05) | (0.05) | (0.07) | (0.07) | (0.08) | |
Poland | -0.17*** | 0.04 | -0.16** | 0.05 | ||
(0.04) | (0.04) | (0.06) | (0.06) | |||
Romania | -0.16*** | -0.01 | -0.19*** | -0.03 | ||
(0.02) | (0.02) | (0.03) | (0.03) | |||
Female | -0.08*** | -0.10*** | -0.12*** | |||
(0.01) | (0.02) | (0.04) | ||||
Other controls variable | ||||||
25-35 | 0.13*** | 0.10*** | 0.06 | 0.14*** | 0.13** | 0.14* |
(0.02) | (0.03) | (0.06) | (0.02) | (0.05) | (0.08) | |
35-44 | 0.23*** | 0.08** | 0.05 | 0.24*** | 0.09* | 0.12 |
(0.02) | (0.04) | (0.06) | (0.03) | (0.05) | (0.08) | |
45-54 | 0.28*** | 0.10** | 0.06 | 0.29*** | 0.13** | 0.16* |
(0.02) | (0.04) | (0.08) | (0.03) | (0.06) | (0.09) | |
55-64 | 0.33*** | 0.05 | -0.02 | 0.36*** | 0.02 | 0.04 |
(0.02) | (0.05) | (0.09) | (0.03) | (0.07) | (0.10) | |
Married | 0.11*** | 0.05*** | 0.04 | 0.09*** | 0.02 | 0.01 |
(0.01) | (0.02) | (0.03) | (0.01) | (0.03) | (0.04) | |
North-east | -0.02*** | 0.01 | 0.06** | -0.03*** | 0.03 | 0.08* |
(0.01) | (0.02) | (0.03) | (0.01) | (0.03) | (0.04) | |
Centre | -0.06*** | -0.05** | -0.09** | -0.06*** | -0.04 | -0.07 |
(0.01) | (0.02) | (0.03) | (0.01) | (0.03) | (0.05) | |
South | -0.14*** | -0.27*** | -0.34*** | -0.13*** | -0.26*** | -0.31*** |
(0.01) | (0.03) | (0.05) | (0.01) | (0.05) | (0.06) | |
Islands | -0.15*** | -0.29*** | -0.30*** | -0.12*** | -0.22*** | -0.17* |
(0.01) | (0.04) | (0.07) | (0.02) | (0.06) | (0.10) | |
Experience | 0.00*** | -0.00** | -0.00** | 0.00*** | -0.00** | -0.00** |
(0.00) | (0.00) | (0.00) | (0.00) | (0.00) | (0.00) | |
Experience sq. | -0.00*** | 0.00** | 0.00** | -0.00*** | 0.00** | 0.00** |
(0.00) | (0.00) | (0.00) | (0.00) | (0.00) | (0.00) | |
Lower sec. | 0.07*** | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.06 |
(0.02) | (0.03) | (0.08) | (0.03) | (0.05) | (0.14) | |
Upper sec. | 0.22*** | 0.05* | 0.07 | 0.18*** | 0.04 | 0.09 |
(0.02) | (0.03) | (0.08) | (0.03) | (0.06) | (0.14) | |
Tertiary | 0.44*** | 0.17*** | 0.14 | 0.42*** | 0.17*** | 0.16 |
(0.02) | (0.04) | (0.09) | (0.03) | (0.06) | (0.15) | |
Agriculture | -0.29*** | -0.18*** | -0.18*** | -0.35*** | -0.28*** | -0.21** |
(0.02) | (0.03) | (0.06) | (0.04) | (0.08) | (0.10) | |
Construction | -0.05*** | -0.01 | 0.00 | 0.04 | -0.42** | -0.69*** |
(0.01) | (0.02) | (0.04) | (0.03) | (0.19) | (0.22) | |
Commerce | -0.04*** | -0.01 | 0.06 | -0.04*** | -0.05 | 0.02 |
(0.01) | (0.02) | (0.04) | (0.01) | (0.05) | (0.06) | |
Business | -0.01 | -0.09*** | -0.03 | -0.02 | -0.10** | -0.00 |
(0.01) | (0.03) | (0.06) | (0.01) | (0.05) | (0.06) | |
Public and social | 0.12*** | 0.11*** | 0.11** | 0.14*** | 0.09* | 0.08 |
(0.01) | (0.04) | (0.05) | (0.01) | (0.05) | (0.05) | |
Social and families | -0.11*** | -0.08*** | -0.05 | -0.13*** | -0.10** | -0.09* |
(0.01) | (0.03) | (0.05) | (0.02) | (0.04) | (0.05) | |
Years since migration | 0.01 | -0.00 | -0.00 | -0.01 | ||
(0.00) | (0.01) | (0.01) | (0.02) | |||
Years since migration sq. | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00* | 0.00 | ||
(0.00) | (0.00) | (0.00) | (0.00) | |||
Constant | 1.64*** | 1.74*** | 1.82*** | 1.59*** | 1.73*** | 1.67*** |
(0.02) | (0.05) | (0.11) | (0.04) | (0.09) | (0.17) | |
Observations | 36,918 | 4,190 | 1640 | 16,906 | 1,861 | 959 |