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Table 2 Descriptive statistics of students and schools in PISA 2003 and PISA 2012 (mathematics)

From: Publicizing the results of standardized external tests: does it have an effect on school outcomes?

 

Treatment group before change - School Madrid in PISA exam 2003

Control group before change - School NO Madrid in PISA exam 2003

Treatment group after change - School Madrid in PISA exam 2012

Control group after change - School NO Madrid in PISA exam 2012

Variable

Mean

Std. dev.

Min

Max

Mean

Std. dev.

Min

Max

Mean

Std. dev.

Min

Max

Mean

Std. dev.

Min

Max

Subjects - Plausible values

                

 Mathematics - PV1

493.98

92.37

238.46

706.68

495.25

85.81

122.01

807.17

505.28

85.22

212.19

752.38

494.72

88.61

98.23

811.82

 Mathematics - PV2

492.34

91.10

197.49

701.70

495.11

86.17

56.27

788.63

506.72

86.36

235.56

732.44

494.91

88.77

145.12

815.71

 Mathematics - PV3

494.73

87.87

216.34

694.69

494.23

85.59

137.67

793.61

506.62

85.74

237.51

818.83

494.88

88.47

139.52

821.94

 Mathematics - PV4

495.29

90.48

229.35

731.61

495.14

85.91

117.34

770.01

505.09

85.69

208.22

753.40

494.61

88.57

138.81

792.42

 Mathematics - PV5

491.91

92.66

202.94

723.35

494.47

85.62

143.82

777.49

504.92

85.95

207.36

754.18

494.74

88.63

128.61

829.65

Individual characteristics

                

 Female

0.50

0.50

0

1

0.51

0.50

0

1

0.49

0.50

0

1

0.50

0.50

0

1

 Age

15.85

0.29

15.25

16.33

15.86

0.29

15.25

16.42

15.86

0.29

15.33

16.33

15.87

0.29

15.33

16.33

 Immigrant

0.07

0.25

0

1

0.03

0.17

0

1

0.16

0.36

0

1

0.11

0.31

0

1

 Mother immigrant

0.12

0.33

0

1

0.04

0.20

0

1

0.21

0.41

0

1

0.13

0.34

0

1

 Father immigrant

0.09

0.29

0

1

0.04

0.19

0

1

0.19

0.39

0

1

0.12

0.32

0

1

 Language other than Spanish spoken at home

0.04

0.19

0

1

0.14

0.35

0

1

0.05

0.22

0

1

0.15

0.36

0

1

 Single parent family

0.18

0.38

0

1

0.13

0.33

0

1

0.11

0.31

0

1

0.10

0.30

0

1

 Nuclear family

0.79

0.41

0

1

0.83

0.38

0

1

0.89

0.32

0

1

0.90

0.31

0

1

 Other family

0.04

0.18

0

1

0.05

0.21

0

1

0.00

0.05

0

1

0.01

0.08

0

1

 Learning time (hours/week) in mathematics

3.05

0.60

0.92

7.33

2.97

0.73

0.00

15.00

3.56

1.02

2.25

14.00

3.46

0.66

2.25

16.00

 ESCS (Index of Economic, Social and Cultural Status)

−0.12

0.97

−3.74

2.10

−0.20

0.98

−3.40

2.39

0.12

1.01

−2.77

2.55

−0.13

1.00

−5.30

2.73

 ESCS squared

0.94

1.38

0.00

13.96

1.00

1.28

0.00

11.55

1.03

1.14

0.00

7.67

1.02

1.17

0.00

28.09

School characteristics

                

 Public school

0.54

0.50

0

1

0.55

0.50

0.00

1.00

0.60

0.49

0

1

0.64

0.48

0

1

 Private school

0.07

0.26

0

1

0.06

0.24

0

1

0.24

0.43

0

1

0.04

0.19

0

1

 Charter school

0.39

0.49

0

1

0.39

0.49

0

1

0.16

0.37

0

1

0.33

0.47

0

1

 School in village

0.00

0.00

0

0

0.05

0.22

0

1

0.00

0.00

0

0

0.06

0.23

0

1

 School in small town

0.05

0.23

0

1

0.24

0.43

0

1

0.12

0.32

0

1

0.28

0.45

0

1

 School in town

0.23

0.42

0

1

0.33

0.47

0

1

0.30

0.46

0

1

0.31

0.46

0

1

 School in city

0.13

0.33

0

1

0.36

0.48

0

1

0.25

0.43

0

1

0.34

0.47

0

1

 School in large city

0.59

0.49

0

1

0.02

0.15

0

1

0.33

0.47

0

1

0.01

0.12

0

1

 Student/teacher ratio

15.61

5.48

9.44

24.36

13.23

5.31

1.38

44.30

13.58

2.66

7.97

20.46

11.68

5.45

1.11

82.56

 School size

880.37

401.45

389

1951

710.70

432.90

95

2819

861.37

433.83

161

2122

700.25

422.42

28

4128

 Assessments used to compare the school to district/national performance

0.12

0.33

0

1

0.26

0.44

0

1

0.82

0.39

0

1

0.40

0.49

0

1

 Assessments used to make judgements about teacher’s effectiveness

0.24

0.42

0

1

0.40

0.49

0

1

0.62

0.49

0

1

0.50

0.50

0

1

 No. of observations - schools

18

   

365

   

51

   

851

   

 No. of observations - students

511

   

10280

   

1542

   

23771