Getting stable: an evaluation of the incentives for permanent contracts in Italy

IZA Journal of European Labor Studies

Table 4 Robustness checks (probability of conversion from fixed-term to permanent contract during each single period)

Control group: Men ≥ 30	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)
Treatment group: all eligible	Main results over 2012 with covariates	Falsification over 2011 with covariates	Main results over 2012 with age [26,34]	Falsification over 2011 with age [26,34]	Main results on closed sample (only fixed-term contracts active in period I)
Dependent variable: dummy for conversion	Main results over 2012 with covariates	Falsification over 2011 with covariates	Main results over 2012 with age [26,34]	Falsification over 2011 with age [26,34]
Eligible	−0.0017**	−0.0008	−0.0004	−0.0023	−0.0021***
	(0.0008)	(0.0008)	(0.0015)	(0.0016)	(0.0007)
Period II	−0.0129***	−0.0126***	−0.0140***	−0.0156***	−0.0121***
	(0.0007)	(0.0008)	(0.0015)	(0.0015)	(0.0008)
Period III	−0.0009	−0.0012	−0.0008	−0.0012	0.0022**
	(0.0009)	(0.0009)	(0.0019)	(0.0019)	(0.0010)
Period IV	−0.0117***	−0.0112***	−0.0105***	−0.0134***	−0.0085***
	(0.0008)	(0.0008)	(0.0017)	(0.0016)	(0.0008)
Eligible × Period II	0.0014*	−0.0003	0.0002	0.0023	0.0012
	(0.0008)	(0.0009)	(0.0017)	(0.0018)	(0.0008)
Eligible × Period III	0.0134***	−0.0017	0.0153***	0.0003	0.0147***
	(0.0012)	(0.0011)	(0.0024)	(0.0022)	(0.0013)
Eligible × Period IV	0.0026***	−0.0008	0.0000	0.0009	0.0014
	(0.0009)	(0.0009)	(0.0019)	(0.0019)	(0.0010)
Constant	0.0063***	0.0069***	0.0193***	0.0210***	0.0177***
	(0.0011)	(0.0011)	(0.0014)	(0.0014)	(0.0007)
Observations	593,028	614,891	145,803	156,147	539,923

Note: *p < .10 **p < .05 ***p < .01. Standard errors clustered for employer in brackets. See Figure 1 for the definition of periods. Covariates in columns (1)-(2) include dummies for sector of economic activity (NACE Rev. 2 sections), dummies for educational level, a dummy for Italian citizenship, age at the beginning of the period, and elapsed duration of the job-relationship at the end of the period. Missing values for the sector of activity have been excluded (only 4 observations in 2011), while missing values for educational level have been kept but adding a specific dummy. Coefficients are available on request.