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Table 5 Registration at a labor office and transfer receipt – odds ratios. Random-effects panel logit estimates for months out of employment in 2004–08

From: Employment and wages before and after incarceration – evidence from Hungary

Dependent variable:

Registration at a labor office

UI or UA

Other transfersa

0–8 quarters before incarceration

0.97

0.90

0.71**

 

(0.4)

(1.0)

(2.0)

Prison quarters

0.16***

0.13***

0.12**

 

(15.4)

(11.4)

(9.8)

0–8 quarters after release

1.96***

1.66***

0.32***

 

(5.4)

(2.6)

(4.8)

9–28 quarters after release

2.14***

2.91***

0.61*

 

(5.7)

(5.3)

(1.8)

Male

0.95

1.23**

0.16***

 

(0.6)

(2.6)

(3.7)

Age

1.20***

1.62***

0.70***

 

(5.2)

(9.6)

(4.9)

Age squared

0.99***

0.99***

101***

 

(6.8)

(10.2)

(5.8)

Employed prior to incarcerationb

3.35***

6.24***

0.34***

 

(12.0)

(11.0)

(5.0)

2005

1.14***

1.21***

1.53***

 

(4.1)

(4.18)

(6.5)

2006

1.18***

1.75***

2.12***

 

(3.6)

(8.9)

(6.5)

2007

1.36***

3.31***

1.88***

 

(5.5)

(15.7)

(4.0)

2008

1.70***

4.26***

1.63**

 

(8.5)

(17.4)

(2.4)

Number of person-months

981,229

981,229

981,229

Number of persons

20,476

20,476

20,476

Wald chi-squared

25373.8

23157.6

13059.3

 

(0.000)

(0.000)

(0.000)

Rho (standard error)

0.83 (0.003)

0.89 (0.003)

0.98 (0.003)

Mean of the dependent variable (%)

14.7

8.4

10.8

  1. Z-values in brackets. Significant at the *0.1, **0.05, ***0.01 level. Standard errors adjusted for clustering by persons. The estimates relate to 2004–08 and cover inmates with a single spell in prison. Reference categories: female, non-employed throughout the period prior to incarceration, 9th to 19th quarters prior to incarceration, 2004
  2. aPension, disability pension, childcare allowance, social benefits, compensation for disabled family members, compensation for widows and orphans
  3. bEmployed at least once