Table 6 Descriptive statistics for the estimation sample (percent except if otherwise indicated)
From: Employment and wages before and after incarceration – evidence from Hungary
Non-recidivists | Recidivists | |
|---|---|---|
Male | 91.2 | 94.0 |
Age in 2002 (year) | 36.9 (9.9) | 35.5 (8.9) |
Number of prison spells in 2002–08 | 1 | 2.1 (0.8) |
Average duration of completed prison spells, months (standard deviation) | 12.8 (13.2) | 12.9 (11.9) |
Employed at least once in 2002–08 | 61.6 | 40.5 |
Employed on the 15th day of the month 2002–08 | 18.2 | 7.4 |
Days in work/potential days in work 2002–08 (standard deviation) | 17.3 (37.3) | 6.7 (24.5) |
Days in work/potential days in work when employed | 95.4 | 91.9 |
Employed for one day during the month | 0.8 | 2.5 |
Average completed duration of employment spells, months (standard deviation) | 8.2 (13.7) | 5.0 (8.8) |
Completed employment spells shorter than: | ||
- 1 month | 23.1 | 29.3 |
- 3 months | 48.2 | 58.7 |
- 6 months | 65.1 | 75.9 |
- 1 year | 81.0 | 89.1 |
Occupational status when employed | ||
- elementary | 45.5 | 54.0 |
- middling | 39.4 | 34.6 |
- professional | 7.7 | 4.4 |
- unknown | 7.2 | 7.0 |
Employment relationship | ||
- Employee | 86.2 | 89.4 |
- Public employee, civil servant | 3.6 | 2.4 |
- Self-employed | 6.8 | 4.2 |
- Registered casual worker | 1.3 | 2.4 |
- Other | 0.7 | 0.8 |
- Mixed (more than one type at a time) | 1.4 | 0.8 |
Monthly earnings/national average (standard deviation) | 63.1 (43.3) | 53.9 (32.6) |
Daily earnings/national average (standard deviation) | 67.1 (58.2) | 60.0 (45.1) |
Received transfer when non-employed | ||
- Unemployment insurance benefit | 8.9 | 5.2 |
- Pension, disability pension | 4.1 | 1.8 |
- Other transfer | 6.4 | 1.4 |
- Several transfers at a time | 0.9 | 0.2 |
- None of the above transfers | 79.7 | 91.5 |
Registered at a labor office when non-employed | 14.5 | 10.3 |