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IZA Journal of European Labor Studies

Table 2 Sum stats of time devoted to time use categories, by self-reported health status, females

From: Health inequality and the uses of time for workers in Europe: policy implications

  

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

Females

 

Sleep

Personal care

Market work

Non-market work

Leisure

France (N = 3,362)

Poor health

9.371

2.827

2.653

4.512

4.637

 

Fair health

8.820

2.466

4.926

3.872

3.916

 

Good health

8.601

2.382

5.150

3.831

4.035

 

Very good health

8.493

2.308

5.235

3.790

4.175

 

Diff very good health-poor health

−0.878

−0.519

2.582

−0.722

−0.462

 

P value difference

(<0.01)

(<0.01)

(<0.01)

(0.06)

(0.26)

Germany (N = 8,701)

Poor health

8.149

2.816

3.204

4.571

5.259

 

Fair health

8.151

2.759

3.829

4.353

4.903

 

Good health

8.051

2.654

3.974

4.293

5.023

 

Very good health

7.953

2.617

4.218

4.161

5.044

 

Diff very good health-poor health

−0.196

−0.200

1.014

−0.410

−0.214

 

P value difference

(0.07)

(0.01)

(<0.01)

(0.02)

(0.23)

Italy (N = 8,110)

Poor health

8.620

2.519

4.082

4.878

3.880

 

Fair health

7.979

2.570

5.171

4.738

3.537

 

Good health

7.979

2.660

5.270

4.254

3.831

 

Very good health

7.944

2.758

5.035

3.816

4.439

 

Diff very good health-poor health

−0.676

0.239

0.953

−1.063

0.559

 

P value difference

(<0.01)

(0.02)

(0.02)

(<0.01)

(0.04)

The Netherlands (N = 6,737)

Poor health

9.582

1.957

2.083

4.514

5.864

 

Fair health

8.864

2.293

3.253

4.326

5.262

 

Good health

8.387

2.099

4.101

4.106

5.306

 

Very good health

8.316

2.008

4.593

3.764

5.319

 

Diff very good health-poor health

−1.266

0.051

2.510

−0.750

−0.545

 

P value difference

(<0.01)

(0.74)

(<0.01)

(0.08)

(0.22)

Spain (N = 7,927)

Poor health

8.676

2.436

3.909

4.741

4.239

 

Fair health

8.181

2.429

5.252

4.280

3.856

 

Good health

8.117

2.379

5.717

3.891

3.896

 

Very good health

8.150

2.439

5.656

3.616

4.139

 

Diff very good health-poor health

−0.526

0.003

1.747

−1.125

−0.100

 

P value difference

(<0.01)

(0.96)

(<0.01)

(<0.01)

(0.59)

UK (N = 5,326)

Poor health

8.434

2.103

2.638

4.711

6.062

 

Fair health

8.503

1.823

4.262

4.055

5.270

 

Good health

8.349

1.805

4.596

4.030

5.156

 

Very good health

8.226

1.828

4.757

4.039

5.090

 

Diff very good health-poor health

−0.207

−0.275

2.119

−0.671

−0.972

 

P value difference

(0.23)

(<0.01)

(<0.01)

(0.02)

(<0.01)

  1. Notes: Standard deviations in parenthesis. The sample is restricted to include part- and full-time female workers between the ages of 21 and 65 (inclusive) included in the Multinational Time Use Study (MTUS) from France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, and the UK. Time-use activities are measured in hours per day; see Additional file 1: Table S2 for definitions of time-use categories. Diff very good health-poor health indicates the difference in the time devoted to the reference time use activity between individuals reporting ‘very good health’ and individuals reporting ‘poor health’; P value of such difference in parentheses
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