Table 6 Heckman model. Estimated marginal effects in hours, by country and sex (1997–2006)

 Intercept (α ₁)

32.7***

41.4***

33.2***

41.6***

29.6***

38.3***

  50–54 (β _2,1)

−0.58**

0.31*

−0.84***

0.79***

0.10

−1.00***

  55–59 (β _3,1)

0.04

1.97***

−2.41***

0.79***

0.63***

−2.17***

  60–64 (β _4,1)

−0.30

3.70***

−2.86***

3.90***

2.19***

−3.73***

  Medium (γ _2,1)

0.57***

−0.13

0.23***

−0.17**

−1.79***

1.22***

  Low (γ _2,1)

−0.77***

−0.69***

−1.30***

−1.24***

−2.68***

0.89***

  Abroad (δ _2,1)

1.34***

0.25

−0.85***

−0.63***

3.72***

−0.90***

  Seniority (τ ₁)

0.06***

−0.01

0.16***

0.01***

0.05***

0.12***

 2002–2006 \( \left({\tilde{\alpha}}_2\right) \)

0.77***

0.15

1.36***

1.31***

0.00

0.06

  50–54 \( \left({\tilde{\beta}}_{2,2}\right) \)

−1.11***

−0.92***

0.96***

0.53***

0.15

−0.25**

  55–59 \( \left({\tilde{\beta}}_{3,2}\right) \)

−1.65***

−2.20***

1.57***

1.69***

0.48**

−0.26*

  60–64 \( \left({\tilde{\beta}}_{4,2}\right) \)

−0.35

−3.05***

1.82***

0.77**

2.18***

−0.13

  Medium \( \left({\tilde{\gamma}}_{2,2}\right) \)

−1.85***

−0.82***

−1.61***

−1.34***

−0.47***

0.08

  Low \( \left({\tilde{\gamma}}_{3,2}\right) \)

−2.60***

−1.24***

−1.54***

−1.87***

0.76***

0.21**

  Abroad \( \left({\tilde{\delta}}_{2,2}\right) \)

−0.62**

−0.58***

0.08

−0.08

0.07

0.18

  Seniority \( \left({\tilde{\tau}}_2\right) \)

0.00

0.05***

−0.05***

−0.01***

−0.03***

−0.03***

  Mills ratio

−0.66***

−1.08***

−0.61***

−1.83***

−4.41***

−0.52***

  # obs. (×1000)

78.1

97.1

301.1

333.6

337.6

352.1